AI in education: how to use it? how to teach it?

Authors

Keywords:

Digital literacy, Inclusive education, Intelligent systems, Personalized learning, Teacher training

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Artificial Intelligence (AI) education and the pedagogical use of AI across different levels of the educational system. It analyzes the historical evolution and current impact of intelligent and generative systems, from early tutoring systems in the 1970s to today's large language models. The study reviews international curricular proposals and initiatives for teaching AI, highlighting the benefits, risks, and ethical concerns linked to its educational application. A synthesis of national strategies on AI education is presented, focusing on digital literacy, equity, critical thinking, and teacher training. The article addresses educational strategies for early childhood, K–12, higher education, and lifelong learning, suggesting teaching models adapted to each context. It emphasizes the dual role of AI in education: as both a subject to be taught and a tool to support learning. The integration of AI into education is shown to be essential for preparing informed, responsible citizens capable of understanding and contributing to a highly technological society. In conclusion, the study argues that responsible AI integration requires a balanced approach combining technological innovation, pedagogical design, and ethical training to ensure inclusive, equitable, and sustainable educational transformation.

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Author Biography

  • Rafael Esteban Bello Pérez, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas

    Rafael Bello Pérez is a distinguished researcher and university professor, internationally recognized for his contributions to artificial intelligence, fuzzy logic, decision systems, and soft computing. He is currently a full professor at the Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Cuba, where he has led research groups in computer science and applied mathematics. His scientific output is outstanding, with over 9,000 citations and an h-index above 50, reflecting the global impact and relevance of his research. Bello Pérez has published more than 300 scientific articles in indexed journals, books, and book chapters, covering topics such as fuzzy logic, expert systems, neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, and applications in engineering and business management. He has directed numerous research projects and the training of highly qualified human resources, mentoring dozens of PhDs and master’s students. He is an active member of international scientific societies and has been invited as a speaker at prestigious global events. His work has significantly contributed to the development of neutrosophic theory, multicriteria optimization, and decision-making under uncertainty, establishing him as one of the leading figures in computational intelligence in Ibero-America.

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Published

10/16/2025

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Applied Artificial Intelligence: Education, Engineering and Sustainability

Section

Artificial Intelligence

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Rafael Esteban Bello Pérez, Zenaida García Valdivia, Gerardo Hernández Cuellar, María Matilde García Lorenzo, Romel Vázquez Rodríguez (Autor/a)

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How to Cite

AI in education: how to use it? how to teach it?. (2025). Artificial Intelligence and Applied Sustainability, 1(1). https://iajournals.uce.edu.do/index.php/aias/article/view/6